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India (N = 102,909)
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Mexico (N = 81,439)
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|---|
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No screening
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Screening
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No screening
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Screening
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|---|
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NIV time costs
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$1,924,937
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$23,300,164
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$135,841
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$2,026,805
|
|
NIV out-of-pocket costs
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$31,694
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$1,562,287
|
$4167
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$7,756,105
|
|
Hospitalization costs
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$2,414,143
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$317,543
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$557,442
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$38,758
|
|
PHDs’ treatment costs
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$999,064
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$383,877
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$343,637
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$70,249
|
|
PHDs’ follow-up (Class B1)
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$492,898
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–
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$259,781
|
|
Employer-forfeited visa/recruitment costs
| |
$189,118
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–
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$0
|
|
Total costs (U.S. and international)
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$5,369,838
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$26,245,885
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$1,041,087
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$10,151,698
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|
Total U.S. costs
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$5,369,838
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$2,213,938
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$1,041,087
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$442,350
|
|
Net multinational costs (U.S. and international)
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$20,876,047
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$9,110,611
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Cost savings to the U.S.
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$3,155,900
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$598,737
|
|
# of U.S. TB cases
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224
|
86
|
52
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11
|
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# of hospitalizations
|
110
|
14
|
25
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2
|
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Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio
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$151,388
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$221,088
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- Notes: NIV Non-immigrant visa applicants, PHDs Public health departments, U.S. United States
- Out-of-pocket costs include worker transportation and forfeited visa fees paid by applicants in the United States, and panel physician exam fees paid by applicants in their home countries
- Class B1 indicates persons who have an abnormal chest radiograph during panel physician screening exams
- ICER = Incremental Cost-effectiveness Ratio (computed by dividing the difference in costs by the difference in effects)
- Totals may not sum up exactly because of rounding effects
