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Table 3 Incidence Rates (IR) and Hazard Ratios (HR) for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) identified in electronic health records (EHR) by ICD-9 codes and restricted to those with confirmed CAP by chart review (confirmed-CAP) in PWH and HIV-uninfected (Uninf) subjects

From: Validation for using electronic health records to identify community acquired pneumonia hospitalization among people with and without HIV

  In VACS Survey Cohort Of those initially identified as having an EHR
CAP-related code
  Frequency IR PWH to Uninfected    PPV  
  PWH
N = 3410 		Uninf
N = 3414 		PWH Uninf HR P 95% CI Total Confirmed-CAP Total PWH Uninf p-value
All codes 433 116 2.98 0.70 4.25 <.001 3.45–5.22 549 397 72% 74% 66% 0.065
All codes plus Abx 415 104 2.84 0.63 4.54 <.001 3.65–5.64 519 386 74% 76% 69% 0.18
Algorithm 1, 480–487 in any position 413 98 2.83 0.59 4.75 <.001 3.81–5.94 511 380 74% 76% 69% 0.21
Algorithm 1 plus Abx 398 88 2.72 0.53 5.10 <.001 4.04–6.44 486 369 76% 77% 73% 0.47
Algorithm 1, plus 507 in any position 426 114 2.92 0.69 4.22 <.001 3.43–5.21 540 393 73% 75% 66% 0.059
Algorithm 1, plus 507 in any position plus Abx 409 102 2.80 0.62 4.53 <.001 3.64–5.64 511 382 75% 76% 70% 0.181
Algorithm 2, 480–487 in primary or secondary position only to selected diagnosisa 329 59 2.24 0.36 6.22 <.001 4.71–8.24 388 313 81% 82% 75% 0.2
Algorithm 2 plus abx 317 57 2.15 0.34 6.22 <.001 4.68–8.27 374 305 82% 83% 73% 0.096
Algorithm 2 plus 507 334 69 2.27 0.42 5.42 <.001 4.17–7.04 403 319 79% 81% 70% 0.031
Algorithm 2 plus 428 331 62 2.25 0.37 5.96 <.001 4.53–7.83 393 315 80% 82% 71% 0.048
Algorithm 2 plus 491 334 63 2.27 0.38 5.94 <.001 4.53–7.80 397 321 81% 82% 76% 0.3
Algorithm 2 plus 507, plus 428 and plus 491 341 76 2.32 0.46 5.03 <.001 3.91–6.47 417 341 79% 81% 68% 0.013
Confirmed-CAP 321 76 2.18 0.46 4.73 <.001 3.67–6.08 na na Na na na na
  1. HR, adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, and gender
  2. All codes, refers to the initial set of CAP related ICD-9 codes used listed in methods
  3. Plus Abx, refers to restricting to those that received antimicrobials within 72 h of admission identified by pharmacy package in EHR
  4. 480–487 refers to the set of restricted CAP codes
  5. Plus 507 refers to allowing the aspiration code with the main set of CAP codes
  6. aCAP-related codes in primary position with the exception that they could be in secondary position if the following HIV, sepsis, respiratory insufficiency, and bacteremia codes were in primary position: 042, 038, 518.81, 518.82, 518.85, 995.91, 995.92, 790.7, 790.70
  7. Plus 428 refers to adding the heart failure code to the non-CAP related codes allowed in primary position
  8. Plus 491 refers to adding the COPD code to the non-CAP related codes allowed in primary position
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Pneumonia

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